Excavating-dipper



M. E. PUGH.

EXCAVATING DIPPER.

1-.PPLICATION FILED APR. I7, 1919. 1,342,759. Patented June 8, 1920.

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filiy M. E.'PUGH.

EXCAVATING DIPPER.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 17. 1919.

Patented June 8, 1920.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

M. E. PUGH.

EXCAVATING DIPPER. APPLICATION FILED APR. 17, 1919.

Patented June 8, 1920.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

M. E. PUGH.

EXCAVATING DIFFER- APPLICATION FILED APB.17. 1919.

A Q E m N m m P 9/, 0 1 M W h E E E 9 mm E 2 W 1 M. E. PUGH.

G EXCAVATING DIPPER. APPLICATION FILED APR. 17. 1919.

1,342,759. Patented June 8, 1920.

,7 SHEETS.SHEET 5- N02 ro/v E PUGH M. E. PUGH.

EXCAVATING DIPPER.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 17. 1919.

Patented J 11119 8, 1920.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 6 O O O O Irma :I Moero/v PUG UNITED STATES PATENTOFFICE.

MORTON E. PUGH, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

EXCAVATING-DIPPER.

Application filed April 17,

To all "Lo/b.0112 it may concern.

Be it known that I, MORTON E. PUGH, a citizen of the United States, anda resident of the city of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State ofIllinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inExcavating-Dippers; and I do hereby declare that the following is afull, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had tothe accompanying drawings, and to the numerals of reference markedthereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to an improved t pe of an excavating machinedipper adapte to be adjustably suspended from a movable boom which maybe adjusted to co-act with the dipper as the same is drawn forwardlyduring a filling operation.

It is an object of this invention to construct an improved type ofexcavating dipper wherein means are provided for controlling andeffecting the filling and the dumping operations.

Another object of the invention is to provide an excavating dipperadapted to be held in digging position by a boom frame, when necessary.

It is also an object of the invention to provide an excavating dipperwith an inclined back to facilitate latching of the dipper door.

A further object of the invention is the construction of a dipper with apivoted back door for discharging the contents of the dipper, said doorhaving mounted thereon improved locking means under the control of anoperator for effectively holding the dip per against premature opening.

It is furthermore an object of this invention to construct a dipper withan inclined back to facilitate closing of a pivoted door and automaticlocking of the same by latching means mounted on said door.

Still another object of the invention is the construction of anexcavating dipper adapted to be dragged forwardly away from the powerdriving mechanism during a filling operation, and having a rear doorlatching mechanism adapted to be released to permit discharge of thecontents of the dipper when the dipper has been filled and elevated.

It is an important object of this invention to provide an improvedexcavating dipper of simple and effective construction and adapted tohave the pivoted rear door there Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 8, 1920.

1919. Serial No. 290,737.

of released by unlatching a pivoted locking device on said door.

Other and further important objects of this invention will be apparentfrom the disclosures in the specification and drawings. The invention(in a preferred form) is illustrated in the drawings and hereinaftermore fully described.

On the drawings:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of an excavating machine equipped with animproved dipper shown in a filling position.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the excavating machine showing the dipperin dumping position.

Fig. 3 is a top plan view of the excavating machine.

Fig. 4 is a side elevation of the boom frame detached from the machine.

Fig. 5 is a bottom plan thereof with parts broken away.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged side view of the dipper with the door in closedposition.

Fig. 7 is a detail side and top view of one of the door supportingbrackets.

Fig. 8 is a detail side and rear view of one of the hanging brackets forthe door.

Fig. 9 is a detail front and side elevation of the door closing bracket.

Fig. 10 is a side elevation of the dipper showing the door in openposition.

Fig. 11 shows a detail top and side view of one of the adjustable bailbars.

Fig. 12 is a top plan view of the dipper.

Fig. 13 is a rear elevation of the dipper with the door closed andshowing the door latching mechanism in open position.

Fig. 1a is a similar view showing the door latching mechanism in lockedposition.

Fig. 15 is a rear view of the dipper with the door removed.

Fig. 16 is a front view of the dipper, with parts omitted.

As shown on the drawings:

The excavating machine or derrick with which the improved dipper orbucket is used may be of any suitable construction. but preferably of aform as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, wherein the reference numeral 1,indicates an engine or power cab which is revolu bl v mounted on asupporting chassis or truck 2. equipped with caterpillar treads 3.Pivotally mounted on the front end of the power cab 1, is a boom frame4, adapted to be raised and lowered. Mounted upon the bottom of windlassequipped with drums 9, and 11,

on. which cables are wound for operating the boom 4, and a dipper orbucket suspended at the outer end thereof. The power mechanism is alsoconnected to operate the caterpillar treads for the purpose of movingthe excavator from place to place. Suitable mechanisms are also providedfor'rot'ating the cab and boom on the excavator chassis so that thedipper at the end of the boom may be swung circularly. A pair ofsupporting frames 12, are mounted upon the floor of the cab 1, andextend upwardly through the cab roof and support a shaft 13', on which aplurality of pulley wheels or sheaves 14, are rotatably mounted, andaround which is trained a cable 15. The cable 15 is also engaged aroundsheaves 16, rotatably mounted on a short shaft 17, held in position nearthe outer end of the boom by means of a pair of bars 18, the forwardends of which are engaged on the projecting ends of a shaft or axle 19,supported transversely in the outer end of the boom 4-. The cable 15,has one end thereof attached to the stub shaft 17, and the other endpasses down into the cab 1, and is wound on the drum 9, so that theouter end of the boom may be held in any desired adjusted position ofelevation, a'iid' may be raised or lowered by the operation of the drum9.

The outer end of the boom l, is provided with an opening 20, to permit apulley wheel or sheave 21, to be rotatably mounted on the middle portionof theshaft 19. Another cable 22, is wound on the second drum 1(), andextends from said drum outwardly over the sheave 21, at the end of theboom.

The outer end of the cable 22, is attached to the middle reduced portion23, of a U- shaped arm or bail 24, to which the excavating dipper isconnected.

The excavating bucket or dipper comprises a bottom platep25, having sideplates 26, integrally formed at right angles to the side edges thereof.The side plates 26, are trapezoidal in shape with the front and rearedges converging upwardly, as shown in Figs. 6 and 10. Extendingtransversely across and secured to the bottom of the front or mouth endof the dipper bottom pla'te25, is a reinforcing mouth piece plate orstrip 27, the ends 28, ofwvhich are bent upwardly at right angles andare bolted or riveted to the lower front corners of the side plates 26.Rigidly secured to the upturned end plates '28, of the reinforcing strip27, are apertured bracket plates 29, which are spaced from said endplates 28, to receive the apertured ends of the bail 2%, between thebracket plates 29, and the end plates 28, as shown in Fig. 12. Pivotpins or bolts 30, hold the bail pivotally attached to the dipper sides.Secured upon the bail earn-e apair of'angle brackets 31, to each ofwhich is pivotally attached one bifurcated end of an adjustableconnecting .rod, liar or li1ik'32, the other bifurcated end of which isremovably attached to the upper front portion of one of the side plates26. A plurality of openings or apertures 33, are provided in the upperfront corners of each of the side plates 26, to permit adjustableattachment of the inner ends of the links 32, to said dipper sideplhtes; By adjusting the inner ends ofthe links 32, the bail may beadjusted;

Securely mounted upon the inner surface of'the dipper bottom plate 25,and at the front edge thereof,-area plurality'of spaced prongs or teeth34, which extend forwardly beyond the frontedge of thebot-tom plate 25,and are bent downwardly and sharpened at their forward cutting edges topermit engagement into material to be taken up by the dipper as it isdrawn forwardly away from the cab 1, by means of the bail 24c, and thecable 22. Rigidl'y secured centrally and longitudinally upon the bottomor outer surface of the dipper bottom plate 25, is a brace 01"reinforcing bar 35. Also rigidly secured upon the bottom surface of thebottom plate 25, and near the sides thereof are a pair of parallelrunners or sl1oes3'6 the forward ends of which are inclined upwardlytoward said bottom plate 25, as clearly shown in Figs. 6 and 10; vThefront end and the front half of the top of the dipper are open, whilethe rear portion of the top of the dipper is closed by means of a topplate 37, the" ends of which are bent downwardly and secured to theinner' surface of the dipper side plates 26, by rivets or other suitablemeans. Rigidly attached to the outer surface near the upper front cornerof each of the side plates 26, is an apertured upwardly projecting supporting plate 38. Rotatabl'y supported on the plates 38, is a roller'39,which extends transversely across the open front portion of the dippertop.

in inverted T-bar 40, is rigidly secured across the top of the frontportion of the top plate 37, toreinforce the same. Rigidly attached tothe upper surface of the top plate 37, and longitudinally of the dipperare a plurality of parallel door supporting brackets 41, provided withintegral attachmg flanges 42, and havmg openings 43, in the projectlngends thereof, which protrude rearwardly beyond the rear edge of the topplate. Projecting through the openings 43', of the brackets 41, is ashaft 44, upon which a dipper door 45, is pivotally mounted by means ofa plurality of hanging brackets 46, having apertured heads 47. Thebrackets 46, are rigidly secured to the outer surface and across theupper end of the door 45, ith the bracket heads projecting above theupper edge of the door and engaged on the door shaft 44. Also rigidlyattached to the outer surface of the door 45, midway between the twomiddle brackets 46, is a one-piece elbow bracket embrac ing an aperturedbody 47, and integral arms 46 and 49. The arm 49, is attached to thedoor 45, while the arm 48, projects rearwardly and has one end of a mainchain 50, connected to the free end thereof. The other end of the mainchain 50, is attached to one end of a controlling cable 51, which hasthe other end thereof wound around th windlass drum 11, in the cab 1.

The locking mechanism for the dipper door is mounted on the outersurface thereof and embraces a latch or looking bar 52, pivotallymounted at its center on a pin 53, supported by the door 45, and a metalstrap 54, secured thereon and engaged around said latching bar. The endsof the latching bar project beyond the sides of the dipper to permit thebar to removably engage in the notches of locking plates and 56, securedon the side plates 26', and projecting rear ardly beyond the rear edgesof said side plates. The locking plate 55, is mounted farther from thebottom of the dipper than the locking plate 56, and has a down- "ardlyopening notch 57, therein for receiving one end of the latch bar 52. Thelocking plate 56, which is nearer the bottom of the dipper is providedwith an upwardly opening notch for receiving the other end of the latchbar, A guide strap 58, is mounted on the lower portion of the door 45,around one end of the latch bar Another guide strap 59, is mounted onthe door 45, for guiding the other end of the latch bar. Pivotallymounted between the upper portion of the strap 59, and the door 45, isone end of a lock lever 60, which is connected. to the,latch bar by alink 61. A guide strap 62, is mounted on the door 45, for limiting thethrow of the lock lever 60. A lug or handle 63, is integrally formed onthe free end of the lever 60, and hascoir nected thereto one end of anauxiliary or tripping chain 64, the other end of which is connected tothe cable 51, by means of a connecting bar 65.

The operation is as follows:

The excavating machine may be moved over the ground by means of thecaterpillar treads 3, which are operable by the power mechanism in thecab 1. The power mechanism is also adapted to rotate the cab 1, on thechassis or machine frame 2, and there by swing the boom around in acircle. The boom 4, may be raised or lowered by mean; of the windlassdrum 9 and the cable 15, to raise or lower the dipper. It is customary,however, to set the boom at a convenient elevation and then arise andlower the dipper by winding and unwinding the cable .32, on the drum 10.

As shown in Fig. 1, the cab 1 and boom 4, have been rotated to aposition at right angles to the direction of movement of the excavatingmachine, and the boom 4, has been lowered by means of the cable 15, toposition the dipper on the ground in position to be filled. As thedipper is lowered by the cable 22, the cable 51, draws the dipper towardthe cab 1, and the chain 50, is tensioned to cause the door to slam shutby its own weight and by gravity into an inclined closed positionagainst the rear inclined edges of the dipper side plates 26. ll ith theclosing of the door the latch bar 52, strikes the inclined edges of thelocking plates 55 and 56, and swings on the pivot pin 53, to permit thedoor to close against the rear edges of the dipper plates. When the dooris closed the latch bar 52, is pivoted automatically by means of theweight of the locking members and 61, connected with one end of thelatch bar, which is moved into a horizontal locking position with theends thereof seating in the notches provided for the purpose in thelocking plates 55 and 56, as shown in Fig. 14.

To fill the dipper the drum 10, is rotated to wind up the cable 22,which may pass over the boom shoe roller 7, if the boom is low enough.lVinding up of the cable 22, causes the dipper to be drawn forwardlyaway from the cab 1, and the dipper teeth 34, engage and loosen up theground or ma terial with which the dipper is to be filled. The dippershoes 36, track on the ground during a filling operation and act toelevate the rear end'of the dipper to throw the weight on the dipperteeth. lVhen the material to be removed by the dipper is exceptionallyhard and it is difiicult for the dipper teeth 34, to engage and loosenup the same, the boom 4, is lowered into a position to lower the drafton the dipper, and in extreme cases the boom is lowered farther into aposition wherein the bottom plate 6, of the boom shoe 5, rests upon thedipper roller 39, and the drag cable 22, passes over the boomshoe-roller 7. In this position of the boom the boom shoe co-acts withthe clipper andserves to hold the dipper teeth 34, in engagement withthe hard material, so that the material may be broken up and enter thedipper, as the dipper is pulled forwardly away from the machine cab 1.During the filling of the dipper the door controlling cable 51, isslack.

To dump the dipper'when filled the boom at, is first elevated bv windingup the cable 15, on the drum 9, thereby permitting the dipper to swingoutwardly and be suspended from the end of the boom with the closed door45, lowermost and the dipper bottom assuming a vertical position. Thedipper is thus held suspended by the bail 24. The cab 1, together withthe boom 4, is then swung around to the dumping position, as shown inFig. 2, with the filled dipper disposed directly above an open freightcar or over a spoil bank 66. The cable 51, which is slack, is nexttensioned by winding the same on the drum 11, this tensioning of thecable 51, also acts to exert a pull on the tripping or look releasingchain 64:, which in turn pulls the locking lever 60, away from the loweredge of the door and by means of the connecting link 61, acts topivotally swing the latch. bar out of engagement with the notches of thelocking plates 55 and 56. This movement of the latch bar 52, unlocks thedoor 45, which swings downwardly into open position, as shown in Fig. 2,and permits the contents of the dipper to discharge into the freight car66.

After a dumping operation the cable 51, is wound up to draw the dippertoward the cab 1, and the cables 15 and 22 are released topermitlowering of the boom and the dipper. With the lowering and drawing backof the dipper the chain 50, acts on the dipper arm 48, to slam the doorshut and permit locking thereof by the latch bar 52. As the boom islowered it is simultaneously swung into an excavating position. As thedipper is drawn rearwardly and strikes the ground it assumes asubstantially horizontal position and the door 45, is automaticallymoved into closed position by the tensioned chain 50, and isautomatically locked as hereinbefore described. It will be noted thatthe rear edge of the dipper side plates are inclined, this arrangementfacilitating automatic closing of the door. Should the door for anyreason fail to close by its own weight and by gravity the cable 51, maybe tensioned and exert a pull on the chain 50, which in turn will causethe door elbow member 48-49, to slam the door shut. The cable 51, isslackened during the filling operation of the dipper. The point of dragor suspension of the dipper may be varied by adjusting the bail rods 32,in the various apertures 33, provided in the dipper side plates 26.

v I am aware that numerous details of construction may be varied througha wide range without departing from the principles of this invention,and I therefore do and av tripping chain connected with said cable andlever for actuating said lever to swing said latch bar out of engagementwith said notch plates to unlock the door.

2. An excavating dipper having a door for closing one end thereof, adrag cable connected to the other end of the dipper, a. fulcrumed latchbar extending across the door, locking members on the -dipper adapt edto receive the latch bar to hold the door locked in closed position, anda releasing chain for the door connected to one end of the latch bar andadapted toautomatically swing the latch bar into locking engagement whenthe door falls into closed position.

3. The combination with an excavating dipper, of a pivoted door forclosing one end thereof, a cable attached to one end of said dipper fordrawing the same forwardly to fill the same, and a second cable attachedto the door for closing the same after a dumping operation and drawingthe dipper back into filling position.

4. The combination with an excavating dipper, of a bail adjustablymounted on one end of the dipper, a drag cable attached to said bail fordrawing the dipper forwardly to fill the same, a pivoted door forclosing the other end of the dipper, and a second cable attached to thedoor for closing the same after a dumping operation of the dipper andfurther adapted to simultaneously draw the closed dipper rearwardly intoa filling position.

5. An excavating dipper having a bail adjustably attached to one endthereof, a drag cable connected to said bail for drawing the dipperforwardly to fill the same, a door pivotally mounted at the other end ofthe dipper, a locking mechanism on said door, and means connected tosaid door and to said locking mechanism adapted to be tensioned torelease the locking mechanism to permit opening of the door when thedipper is in dumping position and further adapted to drag the dipperrearwardly into a filling position and simultaneously shut the door.

6. The combination with an excavating dipper, of a door pivoted thereonfor closing one end thereof, a locking mechanism for said door, and acable connected with said door and with said locking mechanism forreleasing the locking mechanism to open the door When the dipper is indischarging position, said cable further adapted to close the door anddraw the dipper into a filling position after discharge of the contentsthereof.

7. The combination with an excavating dipper, of a door pivoted thereonfor closing one end thereof, a locking mechanism for the door, a cable,a chain connected to said cable and to said door for closing the doorand dragging the dipper rearwardly into a filling position, and atripping chain con nected to said cable and to said locking mechanismadapted to be tensioned by the cable when the dipper is in dumping position to cause release of the locking mecha nism and opening of the door.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presenceof two subscribing Witnesses.

MORTON E. PUGH.

Witnesses:

FRED E. PAESLER, CHARLES V. HILLS, Jr.

